betegner som en fusion

 Hvem vi er – vores kulturelle baggrunde (nationalitet, alder, profession m.v.),

 hvordan vi tænker og skaber mening – vores verdenssyn, overbevisninger, perspektiver, vær-
dier,

 hvad vi siger – vores sproglige diskurs er realiseringer af vores verdenssyn (Op.cit.p.46).

Når vi kommunikerer, sker der, hvad Gadamer betegner som en fusion of horizons – vores meningsho-
risonter overlapper og transformeres i forhold til den nye viden og de nye perspektiver, som vi møder

i kommunikationen med andre:

Askehave, I. & Norlyk, B. (2006) Figure 2.3: Fusion of horizons: creating shared meaning systems, p.46
Man kunne kalde processen for en meningsforhandling, og det er ifølge Gadamer en konstant proces,
der udgør essensen af kommunikation og dermed vores meningskonstruktion og fortolkningsramme

(Op.cit. p.42). Det betyder, at vi medbringer vores for-forståelser i kommunikationen – vi tilgår en be-
sked med en bestemt for-forståelse af, hvad der er i vente, som bygger på vores tidligere erfaringer.

Gadamer betegner vores for-forståelser som ’den tavse partner’ i kommunikation, Shannon og Weaver
ville måske betegne det som semantisk støj, men ikke desto mindre er det et element i kommunikation,
som er blevet tillagt større og større betydning i kommunikationsforskningen. Interaktionsparadigmet
er opstået som en gradvis afstandstagen til ”overførsels-tankegangen”. Det vil sige, at der med tiden er
blevet taget højde for, at en væsentlig del af kommunikation ikke kun foregår som monologer, men
som dialog eller som flervejs-kommunikation mellem mange parter. Kommunikationen foregår ikke
nødvendigvis som en hierarkisk styret lineær proces, den kan være horisontal, dynamisk og cirkulær

uden en tidslig afslutning. Interaktionsparadigmet anerkender kommunikation som en gensidig relati-
on mellem interagerende parter. Men selve betegnelsen ’interaktion’ kan dog tillægges forskellige per-
spektiver og betydninger, som er medvirkende til at gøre interaktionsparadigmet til en nuanceret og

kompleks tilgang, der ikke lader sig rammesætte helt så klart som transmissionsparadigmet. Jeg vil
kort introducere kommunikationsforskeren James W. Careys kulturelle perspektiv på kommunikation

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